Saturday, 22 April 2023

Growth strategies or 'everything now everywhere' syndrome

 This post was sparked by some  very different approaches to stimulating  growth  being taken by the Quorn brand of  plant  based meat  alternative, the pioneering Tesla electric powered car brand as its currently known (given Elon Musk's propensity for lane and strategy  changes) and the iconic Mini car brand for its  electric car offering. On the face of it both consumer sentiment and more importantly  legislation are  positively aligned and the future for both categories and successful brands within them should be relatively  assured. So why the quests to increase the growth rates of these three companies, and why now?


We are living in business times where there is increasing  tension between the historic  quest for never ending growth  and  the murmuring of  voices suggesting the complete opposite ie the need for society to embrace 'degrowth'. Add to this the wake up call of global economic, political and pandemic fuelled turbulence , putting both profitability  and growth into sharper focus as  the reality of  rising  costs and interest rates provoke a spate of job culls ,notably even in  the recently untouchable tech sector. In this post the growth issues manifest  themselves in  markets which superficially should be perfectly in tune with the zeitgeist,  namely plant based foods and electric powered  cars.


My thoughts on the topic are unencumbered by  the pursuit of personal  gain*,insider or indeed  specific category knowledge or data , and such as they are they rely instead on the accumulated learnings  and  pratfalls of more than 30 years of marketing packaged food brands internationally to consumers ...please as ever feel free to enlighten and correct me on anything I  have omitted or simply got wrong. I won't be going into  areas like plant based dairy alternatives  because the Quorn brand doesn't  have a presence there at this time.


The three brands being discussed  here  are commonly held  to have strong franchises and occupy strong positions in their relative spaces and yet are adopting very different  strategies to tackle the slowdown in market growth rates  the reasons for which are themselves worth looking at.


The plant based  food movement is not  new and is well beyond being written off as simply  a fad in developed western  markets, even if the numbers of  fully vegetarian or vegan consumers is still believed to be in single figure percentages here in the UK(source:statista). This is in itself not surprising , as changes to food habits can take a generation or more to take root , take for example the acceptance curve of yogurt or fromage frais in the UK ,both of which I worked on in the dim distant early 80's when they were still in the early stages of mass market acceptance. The  pragmatic and well messaged  acceptance of plant based products as part of  mixed diets is accompanied by an understanding of the benefits of eg reducing meat consumption, and whilst the legal  challenges to eg denomination in labeling are a  predictable  attempt by vested interests to slow the pace of progress, the fact remains that a number of major legacy  food multinationals of significant scale such as NestlĂ© and  Unilever  and others  from within the meat industry itself( eg JBS,Cargill Tyson foods) have invested alongside  the now famous startups like Impossible foods; similarly in  the QSR fast food  sector plant based alternatives  have been/are available across the major burger  and  chicken  chains. 

  Given the presence of favorable consumer sentiment and conditions  for plant based  foods what is the growth issue The Quorn brand is tackling   here  and why has it adopted its published new strategy? 


The owners of the Quorn  brand have decided to pursue in effect an open books food ingredients  based strategy to boost the  speed of adoption of their product  ,by  getting more companies and presumably  more consumers to use their proprietary  technology ie product and expensive manufacturing set up  in a wider variety of food products  faster  than they could undertake on their own. This  accelerates the speed of adoption, improves  costly plant utilisation  ,lessens the investment in both plant or r&d ,and indeed marketing investments  the brand owners need to make to kickstart faster macro market growth. They're  effectively  betting  the house on the strength of their  own brand to protect their  market share and profitability in their core product  markets. 

This is both a high risk and a low risk strategy because it  presupposes  for me at least  the most watertight of contracts around  market definitions and no go areas, the continued growth  of Quorn  , and  legally defendable patent  technology around this cheeky loveable  mycoprotein which forms the basis of this foodstuff. Given the origins  of the product as an unexpected love child of a chemical company and a food company ( source: Wikipedia : ICI and RHM )and the assumed  difficulties in patenting foodstuffs I would be class this as an assumption not entirely without  risk..

Whilst this strategy has the allure of a  real game changer as it grows both category and brand and is potentially  at its best like an "Intel inside" but on steroids idea,  part of me worries it is either the result of an industrially driven  rather than a brand driven strategy ;or more worryingly  a consequence of the increasing cost of the financing  of the the acquisition debt, this business having changed hands several times in recent years , most recently in 2015 to  Philippines  based  Monde Nissin foods. Arguably a larger  multi category player like NestlĂ© or Unilever would have had the necessary technological and brand /market  footprint to accomplish  this in house with less risk.



The electric car market  has in Europe been  growing from a low base  with all major established brands  plus start up and newer Chinese brands active. This market has  recently been   dealt  a winning  hand by the EU, which is in the process of passing legislation outlawing the sale of any purely petrol or diesel   cars within the coming generation , by 2035 to be precise. Controversially, the ban I believe ? also includes the sale of new hybrid vehicles which combine electric with diesel or petrol engines which removes the need for charging post infrastructure. The point is that growth is structurally built in  by new  legislation  so surely growth prospects for electric vehicles are almost unlimited as eg older cars come to the end of their useful life? Its just a matter of taking a medium term view and building (profitable ) market share. It's worth reminding ourselves that Wall Street values Tesla  above all other  car companies listed there, although it ships a fraction of units they currently do.

The growth issues in electric  powered cars  for now have been primarily structural plus  a function of  cost:  provision of charging points is deemed  inadequate  by drivers without  careful route  planning; battery range and life  is also a factor ,especially when there aren't enough charging stations; supply chain issues about the provision of and location of battery production are also adding complexity and frustration; the UK for example  does not have enough local battery manufacturing capacity to  support the requirements of  the current ,reduced manufacturing base. Lastly, the purchase cost to drivers  of electric cars has been more expensive than  comparable  non electric alternatives ,whilst more recently the cost of electricity  has negated some of the  presumed  fuel savings; finally ,the provision of government  subsidies and incentives to switch to electric has been patchy and in the UK  was withdrawn in June 2022.

Given the presence of favorable  conditions  for electric  vehicles what is the growth issue  the Tesla and Mini  brands are addressing here and why have they chosen the route they have announced ?

Looking at the electric vehicle market I am uneasy about issues the rather crude but well known tactic of list price based price cuts adopted by  the Tesla brand. Having  achieved miracles by producing  from scratch a profitable ,attractive  and high performing  car   using a new supply chain and  innovative  routes to market such as showrooms in shopping malls , the price drops  which are fluid and have been as much as from 

20% up to 30%(source: Reuters/ the Guardian ), causing  a not inconsiderable  immediate depreciation hit   and negative brand  sentiment for those who have already bought in to this new brand. The owners of the brand clearly hope to spike demand amongst the next,  bigger tranche of potential  customers  , having presumably   already garnered  many of the early adopters.  Also it is possible  that the owners of the brand have overexposed themselves to the China market, which  brings its own particular dynamics  , both as regards unused  capacity in its plant there  as well as aggressively priced local competition, or the possibility of some form of  state intervention. Either way this seems to me to be more of a tactical move which carries risk to the brand reputation  and  also paradoxically  to the scheme itself (  delaying purchase due to uncertainty on future price cuts ?)rather  than part of a longer term strategy  which might for instance have looked at eg an even more basic , smaller  entry level  model with a  naturally lower price point to thereby  improve category  entry points  through range. 

I'm  a big fan of how the Mini  brand  has been reinvented and kept fresh since  being acquired by BMW . The electric  Mini  was not early to market for sure , but they have sought to boost market  share  growth by addressing a key  pain point in the ownership experience  , namely home charging. They are currently  promoting  a free home charging kit as part of the purchase deal. It is  a simple mechanic , unlikely  to seriously  dent profitability,  completely  unlikely  to damage the brand reputation  at all and is for me a great example of what @paulmark bailey has called 'commercial creativity' .


As these three brands have only recently  embarked on commercializing  these ideas we'll have to see how they work out in the real world.


Thanks for reading this far. Start  a conversation on Twitter about it ?



Footnotes:

* I'd be tickled to chat and possibly  advise on brand marketing and  business matters,  but I am retired so I'd have to be really excited to do anything other than chat or talk.

- Find me on Twitter  for now : @runsforcoffee1 

-I've  been mulling over  brand marketing issues  for 8 years or so  on:

https://fmcgbrandbuilder.blogspot.com








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